MIND MAPPING

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Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping

29 April 2009 oleh Herdian,S.Pd., M.Pd.

Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping

Mind mapping merupakan cara untuk menempatkan informasi ke dalam otak dan mengambilnya kembali ke luar otak. Bentuk mind mapping seperti peta sebuah jalan di kota yang mempunyai banyak cabang. Seperti halnya peta jalan kita bisa membuat pandangan secara menyeluruh tentang pokok masalah dalam suatu area yang sangat luas. Dengan sebuah peta kita bisa merencanakan sebuah rute yang tercepat dan tepat dan mengetahui kemana kita akan pergi dan dimana kita berada. (http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=702661)

Mind mapping bisa disebut sebuah peta rute yang digunakan ingatan, membuat kita bisa menyusun fakta dan fikiran sedemikian rupa sehingga cara kerja otak kita yang alami akan dilibatkan sejak awal sehingga mengingat informasi akan lebih mudah dan bisa diandalkan daripada menggunakan teknik mencatat biasa.

Konsep Mind Mapping asal mulanya diperkenalkan oleh Tony Buzan tahun 1970-an. Teknik ini dikenal juga dengan nama Radiant Thinking. Sebuah mind map memiliki sebuah ide atau kata sentral, dan ada 5 sampai 10 ide lain yang keluar dari ide sentral tersebut. Mind Mapping sangat efektif bila digunakan untuk memunculkan ide terpendam yang kita miliki dan membuat asosiasi di antara ide tersebut. Mind Mapping juga berguna untuk mengorganisasikan informasi yang dimiliki. Bentuk diagramnya yang seperti diagram pohon dan percabangannya memudahkan untuk mereferensikan satu informasi kepada informasi yang lain.(http://escaeva.com)

Mind mapping merupakan tehnik penyusunan catatan demi membantu siswa menggunakan seluruh potensi otak agar optimum. Caranya, menggabungkan kerja otak bagian kiri dan kanan. Dengan metode mind mapping siswa dapat meningkatkan daya ingat hingga 78%.

Beberapa manfaat memiliki mind map antara lain :

a. Merencana

b. Berkomunikasi

c. Menjadi Kreatif

d. Menghemat Waktu

e. Menyelesaikan Masalah

f. Memusatkan Perhatian

g. Menyusun dan Menjelaskan Fikiran-fikiran

h. Mengingat dengan lebih baik

i. Belajar Lebih Cepat dan Efisien

j. Melihat gambar keseluruhan

Ada beberapa kelebihan saat menggunakan teknik mind mapping ini, yaitu :

a. Cara ini cepat

b. Teknik dapat digunakan untuk mengorganisasikan ide-ide yang

muncul dikepala anda

c. Proses mengganbar diagram bisa memunculkan ide-ide yang lain.

d. Diagram yang sudah terbentuk bisa menjadi panduan untuk menulis.

( http://www.escaeva.com/tips-menulis/tips-fiksi/menulis-dengan-diagram-balon.html)

Perbedaan Catatan Biasa dan Mind Maping

Catatan Biasa Peta Pikiran

Hanya berupa tulisan-tulisan saja Berupa tulisan, symbol dan gambar

Hanya dalam satu warna Berwarna-warni

Untuk mereview ulang diperlukan waktu yang lama Untuk mereview ulang diperlukan waktu yang pendek

Waktu yang diperlukan untuk belajar

lebih lama Waktu yang diperlukan untuk

belajar lebih cepat dan efektif

Statis Membuat individu menjadi kreatif

Sumber Iwan Sugiarto, 2004 : 76.

Dari uraian tersebut, peta pikiran (mind mapping) adalah satu teknik mencatat yang mengembangkan gaya belajar visual. Peta pikiran memadukan dan mengembangkan potensi kerja otak yang terdapat di dalam diri seseorang. Dengan adanya keterlibatan kedua belahan otak maka kan memudahkan seserorang untuk mengatur dan mengingat segala bentuk informasi, baik secara tertulis maupun secara verbal. Adanya kombinasi warna, simbol, bentuk dan sebagainya memudahkan otak dalam menyerap informasi yang diterima.Peta pikiran yang dibuat oleh siswa dapat bervariasi setiap hari. Hal ini disebabkan karena berbedanya emosi dan perasaan yang terdapat dalam diri siswa setiap harinya. Suasana menyenangkan yang diperoleh siswa ketika berada di ruang kelas pada saat proses belajar akan mempengaruhi penciptaan peta pikiran. Tugas guru dalam proses belajar adalah menciptakan suasana yang dapat mendukung kondisi belajar siswa terutama dalam proses pembuatan mind mapping.(Sugiarto,Iwan. 2004. Mengoptimalkan Daya Kerja Otak Dengan Berfikir.)

Cara membuat mind mapping, terlebih dahulu siapkan selembar kertas kosong yang diatur dalam posisi landscape kemudian tempatan topik yang akan dibahas di tengah-tengah halaman kertas dengan posisi horizontal. Usahakan menggunakan gambar, simbol atau kode pada mind mapping yang dibuat. Dengan visualisasi kerja otak kiri yang bersifat rasional, numerik dan verbal bersinergi dengan kerja otak kanan yang bersifat imajinatif, emosi, kreativitas dan seni. Dengan ensinergikan potensi otak kiri dan kanan, siswa dapat dengan lebih mudah menangkap dan menguasai materi pelajaran.

Selain itu, siswa dapat menggunakan kata-kata kunci sebagai asosiasi terhadap suatu ide pada setiap cabang pemikiran berupa sebuah kata tunggal serta bukan kalimat. Setiap garis-garis cabang saling berhubungan hingga ke pusat gambar dan diusahakan garis-garis yang dibentuk tidak lurus agar tidak membosankan. Garis-garis cabang sebaiknya dibuat semakin tipis begitu bergerak menjauh dari gambar utama untuk menandakan hirarki atau tingkat kepentingan dari masing-masing garis

Love Poem

A walk to remember

Love is patient, love is kind.
It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud.
It is not rude, it is not self-seeking.
It is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs.
Love does not delight in evil, but rejoices with the truth.
It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.
Love never fails.

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Add caption

One Way Love

A one way love can never thrive;
It needs reciprocation.
And so in order to survive
My love needs affirmation.
So throw your caution to the sky,
And let your heart command.
You'll find that it will not deny
A love which must expand.
Come now, to me, with open arms
And sweep me off my feet;
And then display for me your charms,
To make my love complete.
My one way love will terminate
Without your inspiration.
So, therefore, please reciprocate
With no more hesitation.

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The Perfect One

He holds me when I start to cry...
makes me smile with just his eyes...
shares my hopes, dreams, and fears...
wipes away all my tears...
I love him without regret...
I just haven't found him yet.

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Show me

You know I love you dearly
but I cause you so much pain
I cannot find true happiness
and you feel you are to blame
it seems so unjust
for me to make you feel this way
it's so hard to decide
whether I should leave or stay
staying is not wise
as faking happiness is exhausting
leaving's a bit worse
for your heartbreak I would be causing
so show me what to do
help me to be strong
lend a helping hand
give me your shoulder to cry on.

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If Only You Knew...

If only you knew,
how my heart overflows with love for you.
If only you could see
the way you fill my hopes and dreams.
You're the owner of my heart,
the ruler supreme.
Even in the dark of night,
I've only to think about you
to feel your loving light
and from this world I drift
feeling as if
I'll never touch the ground again...
If only you knew.

If only you could guess
how I hear your voice when others speak;
for you hold the key to my happiness,
and it's always you my soul seeks.
If only you could feel,
how your very presence
has the power to heal,
all the wounds inside me.
You've made me abandon
the pain of yesterday,
and you've shown me
that the past can no longer
stand in the way
of what I hope to achieve...
If only you knew.

If only you could realize
the way you've shown me
that it's better to give
than to take,
and whatever I do,
I do for your sake.
I'm willing to give you my all
and expect nothing in return.
But, oh how I yearn
for you...
if only you knew.

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U Make Me

You make me laugh when I want to cry,
Make me live when I want to die,
Make me smile when I want to frown,
You turn my life upside down.
Believe in me when no one else does
You’re my now, my is, my was.
When you call my name I begin to blush,
I'm afraid people notice I need you so much.
When I'm with you time flies by fast.
It's like the present is the past.
I need you more than you can believe,
Love you more than you can conceive.
Think about you every night and day
And hope my life can stay this way
I don't want it to be any other way.

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 Everything to Me

You are the light when there is no sun.
You are the rainbow after the rain is done.
You are the star that twinkles in the night.
You are the moon that glows so bright.
You are the wind that whistles my name.
You are the love when the world is the same.
You are the flowers the bee's never miss.
You are the beach the warm sun kisses.

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You Are My Passion

How can I describe what you are to me?
Mere words do you no justice -
For you are an infatuation that does not end -
A fascination of the nth degree -
A passion that consumes all thought and deed
And fills my life with (poetry/ecstasy).

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Don't Forget

Breath my air and feel
My love
Kiss my lips and taste
My love
Watch my eyes and see
My love
Don't forget to be
My love .

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Deep Inside My Heart

Now that you are here
I have nothing to fear
With you is where I belong
I know it, I feel it so strong
Nothing has been more clear
That it is your love I hold so dear
Deep inside is the cry of my heart
I never ever want us to part
I am a hopeless, romantic man
Doing the best he can
To show you for sure
That my love for you is pure
I will do whatever it takes
I don’t care about the stakes
You and only you I want
A prayer I know God will grant.

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 No Words

There are no words to describe how beautiful she is,
or how special she is,
or my love for her.
To put these things into words would be to define them,
To quantify them, which means to limit them.
There would be a beginning and an end.
There is no definition fitting, nor any limit,
nor beginning or end to her beauty,
or to how special she is, or my love for her.

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YOU!!!!

Like a star you came into my life
You filled my heart with joy
You took my pain as if it was yours
You provided me with love that no one could give me
You gave me a shoulder to cry on
You were my pillar when I was falling
You were my strength when I was weak
With your smile you made my living on earth worthwhile
With the soft words you whispered in my ear
Made me realize that I was in Love indeed
Without you next to me my life is meaningless
Every day I sit and pray that you will remain as sweet as you
are
And that is why I will always Love you as long as you let me.

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 All I ask

A soft whisper from your lips, a gentle kiss.
Is it too much to ask for this?
To lay my head against your chest,
to feel your arms around me
In my dreams are all things I can see.

Hearing you say my name, touch my face, stroke my hair.
Being without this forever I can not bare!
Feeling our hearts becoming one as was meant to be.
I know what I feel is destiny.

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Just A Note

Just a note to tell you,
How much I love your smile;
How much I love your humor -
How much I love your style.

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What Is It That I Love?

If asked why I love her I would say
It’s the sway in her hips,
the thickness in her thighs.
It’s the lust in her lips,
the love in her eyes.
It’s the softness of her skin,
the silk in her hair.
It’s the twist in her walk;
it’s the sweetness in her talk.
It’s the way she loves me
that makes me love her each day.
That is what I would say.

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You're in Love

You wake up and he’s on your mind.
Another subject, you can’t find.
You used to think it was just a bluff.
But now you realize, you’re in love.

You see him and can’t help but smile.
Think of him for miles and miles.
Weak in the knees when he comes through.
You know his eyes see right through you.

You don’t care what people say.
You want to be with him all day.
Seeing him you can’t get enough.
And you can see that you’re in love.

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I Love You

You're kissable and cuddly;

You're lovable and sweet;

You thrill me every minute,

And sweep me off my feet.

You're charming and disarming,

Desirable and true.

You inspire and impress me,

And that's why I love you!

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 To find you

I don’t need the compass to find you
your heart beat would lead my way.
I don’t need the sun to find you
your smile would light my way.
I don’t need the ocean to find you
my tears would wash my way.
I don’t need the wind to find you
your voice would whisper my way.
I don’t need the moon to find you
your eyes would shine my way.
But, if I never find my way I would perish....
my soul would find its way...

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Love

Love is like a lump of gold,
Hard to get, and hard to hold.
Of all the girls I've ever met,
You're the one I can't forget.
I do believe that God above,
Created you for me to love.
He chose you from all the rest,
Because he knew I would love you best.

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One last try

The things I've done, I can't explain.
I know because I know it hurts and causes pain.

I can't say I didn't know what I was doing.
I don't know what I was thinking or what I was proving.

We had a special love but I threw it all away.
I regret what I've done every second of the day.

If I could change the past believe me I would.
I would take away all the pain, if only I could.

So, now, all I can ask for is one last try
I'll love you until the day I die.

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 My choice of love

Honey,
if love comes in colors,
I choose blue,
if love comes in flowers,
I’ll choose rose,
if love comes in songs,
I’ll think of choosing blues,
But if love should come in human beings,
I’ll definitely not think twice before
I’ll choice you!
because.....You are my choice

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 Love Me

Love me in the Springtime, when all is green and new,
Love me in the Summer, when the sky is oh so blue,
Love me in the Autumn, when the leaves are turning brown,
Love me in the Winter, when the snow is falling down.

Love me when I'm happy, and even when I'm sad,
Love me when I'm good, or when I'm oh so bad,
Love me when I'm pretty, or if my face is plain,
Love me when I'm feeling good, or when I'm feeling pain.

Love me always darlin', in the rain or shining sun,
Love me always darlin', after all is said and done,
Love me always darlin', until all our life is through,
Love me always darlin', for I'll be lovin' you!    

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 Mr. Butterfly

Hey, Mr. Butterfly,
where did you come from and why ?
you make my tummy hurt I can almost cry.
Hey, Mr. Butterfly, how did you flutter right into my belly ?
Oh, Mr. butterfly, you are so silly!

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Very Soon

The rain is falling hard.
I wonder if I'm ever going to get free from this pain.
The one I love has left.
Wondering if he will ever come back.
Every night and everyday...
I think about him,
Wishing for him to come back.
Wondering if he is thinking about me.
He will come back.
Cause I love him and he loves me.

Very soon...
Very soon...
 

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 True love

True love comes only once in a lifetime
yet it lasts an eternity
It has the power to crush someone so deeply
while at the same time they know
there’s no one else in the world they’d rather be with
True love will knock down the walls of difficulty
to be with that special one
It will take your hand and fly over the world
into a place where there’s no pain, no tears
True love will withstand the test of time,
forever waiting until its love is returned
It never fails, never dies, never lets go of the one they
love.

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A Miracle

At first I thought we would just be friends.
A little did we know, our friendship would bend
To a love that’s so big for the world to see
that you and me are meant to be.

Sun or snow, rain or shine
forever, forever you will be mine
Mine for me, mine to be
Mine for all eternity.

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Perfection

All I ever wanted was to be part of your heart
and for us to be together to never be apart.
No one else in the world could even compare,
You’re perfect and so is this love we share.
We have so much more then I ever thought we would,
I love you more then I thought I ever could.
I promise to give you all I have to give,
I’ll do anything for you as long as I live.
In your eyes I see our present, future, and past,
by the way you look at me I know we will last.
I hope that one day you will come to realize,
how perfect you are when seen though my eyes.

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Never be bad

The pain you have, I will heal,
anything you want, I can deal,
I can make you happy, I can make you sad,
but anything you do will never be bad.

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Let's Compromise

True understanding must prevail,
So that our love will never fail;
And if our thoughts don't harmonize,
We both should try to compromise.

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Because Of You

Because of you
my world is now whole,
Because of you
love lives in my soul.
Because of you
I have laughter in my eyes,
Because of you
I am no longer afraid of good-byes.
You are my pillar
my stone of strength,
With me through all seasons
and great times of length.
My love for you is pure
boundless through space and time,
it grows stronger everyday
with the knowledge that you'll always be mine.
At the altar
I will joyously say 'I do',
for I have it all now
and it's all because of you.

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Puisi Cinta

Seperti Luka

July 9, 2012 By Admin

Entah apa yang harus aku katakan, saat engkau berusaha memunggungiku.
Entah apa yang harus ku lakukan, saat engkau melangkah pergi dari
hidupku.
Begitu indah masa-masa dulu, sehingga ingin ku kenang selamanya.
Tapi begitu menyedihkan luka itu, yang kau tinggal bersama kenangannya.
Biar aku hidup dalam kenangan ini, biar ku rasakan sakitnya luka ini.
Biar hatiku bebas memainkan luka ini, hingga akhirnya aku mati oleh kenangan ini.
Aku tak bisa menahanmu pergi, Hanya mampu melihat kau berjalan.
Itupun hanya mampu dari kejauhan, Sambil menangis ku terisak dalam duka.
Setelah hari itu, hari dimana kau berjalan meninggalkanku,
Aku bersimpuh, terjatuh menangisimu.
Tapi akhirnya kelepaskan kau, kurelakan kau pergi.
Ku abadikan luka ini, rindu ini dalam do’a ku.
Ku sebut namamu yang pernah singgah dalam hidupku.
Walau hadirmu hanya sebagai luka bagiku.
Tetap aku berharap kau raih bahagiamu, meski aku tak rela melepasmu.
Puisi Seperti Luka Oleh: ~ Loret Tamurri ~

Filed Under: Puisi Harapan

TEFL FAQ | Teacher Training FAQ | TEFL Course FAQs | ESL Jobs FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions about TEFL

What does TEFL mean?
TEFL simply stands for Teaching English as a Foreign Language. The term has no official significance.
What's with all this EFL, ESL, TEFL, TESL, TESOL, ELT etc?
Confusingly, the English language teaching world has a bewildering array of abbreviations and acronyms, many of which mean the same thing, and most of which have no official significance.

• ELT stands for English Language Teaching (or English Language Training—take your pick). This is a blanket term that covers all forms of English language acquisition, whether for native- or non-native speakers.
• EFL stands for English as a Foreign Language and involves the acquisition of English by non-native speakers.
• ESL stands for English as a Second Language and involves the acquisition of English by non-native speakers.
• ESOL stands for English for Speakers of Other Languages and involves the acquisition of English by non-native speakers.
• EAL stands for English as an Additional Language and involves the acquisition of English by non-native speakers.
• TEFL stands for Teaching English as a Foreign Language and involves teaching English to non-native speakers.
• TESL stands for Teaching English as a Second Language and involves teaching English to non-native speakers.
• TEAL stands for Teaching English as an Additional Language and involves teaching English to non-native speakers.
• TESOL stands for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages and involves teaching English to non-native speakers. The acronym TESOL is also used by an American teachers' association, the full name of which is "Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Incorporated".

Are there any differences in the above terms?
Theoretically, EFL is for non-native speakers learning English in a non-English-speaking environment (typically learners in their own countries). ESL is for non-native speakers learning English in an English-speaking environment (typically students on a language holiday or immigrants in an English-speaking country). There are some theoretical differences in the way that English is taught and acquired in these different situations, though with the growth of technology and communication many of these differences are becoming increasingly academic. In practice, many teachers make little distinction between the two terms, or are even aware of the distinction. It might be said that by and large British teachers, for example, instinctively use the term EFL, while American teachers instinctively use the term ESL. The term EAL seems to be an attempt at political correctness, neatly avoiding the nasty inference of "foreign" while accepting that many learners may well be on their third, fourth or fifth language.
Is it necessary to speak a foreign language?
In general, today's communicative approach to teaching English requires that the teacher speak only in English. Speaking a foreign language is therefore of no particular value. Indeed, if you are teaching a class of students who have ten different mother tongues, as is not impossible, even your fluency in say three foreign languages would have little relevance. The ability, therefore, to speak a foreign language is not a requirement for teaching English. Having said that, some experience of learning and speaking a foreign language will help you understand language in general and how we learn it, as well as help you learn more about English—especially English grammar—itself. If you are teaching in a foreign country, some knowledge of that country's language and culture can also make your life easier and enrich your experience.
Are there any age limits for TEFL?
Yes and no. This depends very much on the country, the culture, the school, the type of students the school may have, the principal's dogmas, and legal requirements. It can work both ways. Some schools actually prefer more mature teachers, especially if their clientele are mainly business people. Others consider—rightly or wrongly—that younger teachers are more "dynamic". Some countries are so desperate for teachers that age is irrelevant. EFL teachers can be any age from 18 to 80, though it has to be said that it is more difficult to find employment under 21 and over 50. Also, some countries have compulsory retirement ages of around 60 or 65. But in general, don't let the question of age put you off. With a good TEFL certificate, you will find employment somewhere.
What if English is not my mother tongue?
If you have a good TEFL certificate, not being a native speaker should not be a problem. One of the entrance requirements for any serious TEFL course is the ability to speak (and write) English fluently. Thus anyone—native- or non-native speaker—with a good TEFL certificate will be on a level footing. Non-native speakers who have not taken a serious TEFL course can still find employment, but may encounter resistance and will certainly need to demonstrate a very high degree of fluency.
Can I make a real career out of TEFL?
Yes, if you want to. There are many opportunities for long-term or permanent positions, or for advancement to Director of Studies or administrative positions. Other possibilities are teacher training and materials writing. But a real career in TEFL almost always requires at least a heavy-weight TEFL certificate (for example Cambridge ELT or Trinity) and for more senior positions a TEFL diploma or degree or similar.
See also:

• Teacher Training FAQ
• TEFL Course FAQs
• ESL Jobs FAQ

About | 

Interjections

Interjection is a big name for a little word. Interjections are short exclamations like Oh!, Um or Ah!They have no real grammatical value but we use them quite often, usually more in speaking than in writing. When interjections are inserted into a sentence, they have no grammatical connection to the sentence. An interjection is sometimes followed by an exclamation mark (!) when written.

Interjections like er and um are also known as "hesitation devices". They are extremely common in English. People use them when they don't know what to say, or to indicate that they are thinking about what to say. You should learn to recognize them when you hear them and realize that they have no real meaning.

The table below shows some interjections with examples.

Conjunctions

A conjunction is a word that "joins". A conjunction joins two parts of a sentence.

Here are some example conjunctions:

Coordinating Conjunctions	Subordinating Conjunctions
and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so	although, because, since, unless

We can consider conjunctions from three aspects.

Form

Conjunctions have three basic forms:

• Single Word
  for example: and, but, because, although

English Prepositions

A preposition is a word governing, and usually coming in front of, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element, as in:

• She left before breakfast.
  
• What did you come for?
  (For what did you come?)

Short List of Common Prepositions

A Simple Rule for Prepositions

Prepositions of Place
at the bus stop, in the box, on the wall

Pronouns

Pronouns are small words that take the place of a noun. We can use a pronoun instead of a noun. Pronouns are words like: he, you, ours, themselves, some, each... If we didn't have pronouns, we would have to repeat a lot of nouns. We would have to say things like:

• Do you like the president? I don't like the president. The president is too pompous.

With pronouns, we can say:

• Do you like the president? I don't like him. He is too pompous.

Personal Pronouns
I, me, you, he, him, she...

Adverbs

Adverbs are an important part of speech. They usually answer questions such as how?, where?, when?,how often? and how much?

What is an Adverb?
What do adverbs do? What's their job?

Adverb Form
How do we make adverbs?

Kinds of Adverbs
What are the main kinds of adverbs?

Adverb Position
Where do we place the adverb in a sentence?

Adverbs of Frequency
hourly, weekly, once a year...

Adjectives

An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. (By "noun" we include pronouns and noun phrases.)

An adjective "qualifies" or "modifies" a noun (a big dog).

Adjectives can be used before a noun (I like Chinese food) or after certain verbs (It is hard).

We can often use two or more adjectives together (a beautiful young French lady).

It is sometimes said that the adjective is the enemy of the noun. This is because, very often, if we use the precise noun we don't need an adjective. For example, instead of saying "a large, impressive house" (2 adjectives + 1 noun) we could simply say "a mansion" (1 noun).

Nouns

It's not easy to describe a noun. In simple terms, nouns are "things" (and verbs are "actions"). Likefood. Food (noun) is something you eat (verb). Or happiness. Happiness (noun) is something you want (verb). Or human being. A human being (noun) is something you are (verb).

What are Nouns?
The simple definition is: a person, place or thing
teacher, school, book

Countable Nouns, Uncountable Nouns
Why is this important? Why do some nouns have no plural?
dog/dogs, rice, hair(s)

Proper Nouns (Names)
Do we say "Atlantic Ocean" or "the Atlantic Ocean"? Should I write "february" or "February"?
Shirley, Mr Jeckyll, Thailand, April, Sony

Possessive 's
Adding 's or ' to show possession.
John's car, my parents' house